A) Super PACs About __% of Texas House seats are considered competitive. Sec. \end{array} Sec. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. What is the only state that had more constituents per senator? Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multimember plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? Jan. 1, 1992. DC Sept. 1, 2003. (h) In this section, "courthouse" means any building owned by the state, a county, or a municipality, or an office or part of a building leased to the state, a county, or a municipality, in which a justice or judge sits to conduct court proceedings. Sec. 5.contributors who live outside the district. (b) A person who receives a political contribution that violates this section shall return the contribution to the contributor not later than the later of: (c) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. (b) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure in the name of or on behalf of another unless the person discloses in writing to the person on whose behalf the expenditure is made the name and address of the person actually making the expenditure in order for the person on whose behalf the expenditure is made to make the proper disclosure. You can contribute a total of up to $2,800 to presidential candidates running in state primaries, but the donation is for the entire primary election period. The next campaign finance reports are due October 6. (e) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. the candidates' political party. LIABILITY TO POLITICAL COMMITTEES. 4 (S.B. SEPARATE ACCOUNTS. Campaign Finance Guide for Candidates and Officeholders Who File with Texas Ethics Commission ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Judicial Candidates and Officeholders ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Political Committees ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide for Out-of-State Committee Guide ( 2022 | 2021) Campaign Finance Guide . Sept. 1, 2003. 253.1601. As of Oct. 26, OpenSecrets shows the state's top. Open Secrets following the money in politics, OpenSecrets Following the money in politics. Sept. 1, 2003. (c) The prohibitions prescribed by Subsections (a) and (b) include the personal use of an asset purchased with the contribution and the personal use of any interest and other income earned on the contribution. 1, eff. A former candidate or former officeholder who lawfully accepts political contributions may use those contributions to make an expenditure to defray expenses incurred by the person in performing a duty or engaging in an activity in connection with an appointive office of a state board or commission. Capital Eye Opener, Dec. 13: Women Donors for Obama, Ashley Judd Favored for Dems' Senate Nomination, and More. The contest was unusually competitive for an election in Texas, with most polls showing Cruz only slightly ahead. 384 (H.B. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. How much did they budget for transportation costs? September 1, 2019. 43, Sec. 9, eff. June 2, 2019. 2, eff. June 2, 2019. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. An officer, director, or other agent of a corporation or labor organization who commits an offense under this subchapter is punishable for the grade of offense applicable to the corporation or labor organization. (a) A corporation or labor organization or a political committee assisted by a corporation or labor organization under Section 253.100 commits an offense if it uses or threatens to use physical force, job discrimination, or financial reprisal to obtain money or any other thing of value to be used to influence the result of an election or to assist an officeholder. 253.0341. 253.034. 1, eff. 1, eff. The term includes an entity established by or for a legislative caucus to conduct research, education, or any other caucus activity. In general, Texas has relatively - rates of civic engagement. Texas' longest-serving woman and Black person in the history of the Texas Legislature, Rep. Senfronia Thompson, has a compilation of bills she's introducing during the legislative session. Sec. (j), (k) Repealed by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. CONTRIBUTION TO POLITICAL PARTY. June 2, 2019. What is the main factor that affects bond prices? CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE WITHOUT CAMPAIGN TREASURER PROHIBITED. ~~~~~\text{Pledges/contributions} & &8.33 & 0\\ 905 (H.B. Texas is near the top of the nation in measures of social connectedness that lead to civic engagement. To be eligible to run for the Texas house you must: To be eligible to run for the state senate you must: About 1/3 of the Texas legislature is composed of: A. About what percentage of the Texas House seats are considered competitive? Sec. September 1, 2009. June 16, 1995. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution while in the Capitol or a courthouse to: (3) a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee. But the largest contributions to Romney came via . 3233), Sec. Which type of legislative committee is most important? Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from what source? Only contributions to Democrats and Republicans or liberal and conservative outside groups are included in calculating the percentages the donor has given to either party. On . Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from? -140 days -6 months -one year -two years, True or false: Under the Texas Constitution, the power to tax resides with the legislature., The Texas State Senate consists of _____ members, who are elected to _____ year terms. Sign up for our newsletter to track moneys influence on U.S. elections and public policy. Sec. Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as provided by Subsection (c), a person who knowingly makes or authorizes a political contribution or political expenditure that is a political contribution to another candidate, officeholder, or political committee, or direct campaign expenditure, from political contributions accepted by the person as a candidate or officeholder may not engage in any activities that require the person to register under Chapter 305, Government Code, during the two-year period after the date the person makes or authorizes the political contribution or direct campaign expenditure. September 1, 2009. ~~~~~\text{Electric bill} & & 45.00 & 44.35\\ Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Democrats currently have complete control in 15 states and Republicans do in 21. An organization whose only nonlegislator members are the lieutenant governor or the governor remains a "legislative caucus" for purposes of this section. (b) A person may not knowingly accept a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. June 2, 2019. 304, Sec. About the office Members of the Texas House of Representatives serve two-year terms and are not subject to term limits. (a) A corporation or labor organization that knowingly makes a campaign contribution to a political committee or a direct campaign expenditure in violation of Subchapter D is liable for damages as provided by this section to each political committee of opposing interest in the election in connection with which the contribution or expenditure is made. Open Secrets following the money in politics, OpenSecrets Following the money in politics. 4.06 & 4.07 \\ \text{Fixed} \\ - Finance, insurance, and real estate interest groups contributed more money than any other interest groups 1, eff. Other times, they link together nicknames such as Tim Brown and Timothy Brown at the same address. Collectively, U.S. House candidates raised more money by Aug. 27 than House candidates raised during the entire 2014 midterm election cycle, and Senate candidates weren't far behind. The 2020 U.S. election cost nearly $14 billion, making it the most expensive campaign in U.S. history, according to projections made by the Center for Responsive Politics . (b) Notwithstanding Section 253.153, a person to whom this section applies may accept political contributions beginning on the date the person assumes the duties of office and ending on the 60th day after that date. 2586), Sec. 253.152. Because of this, individual effects on the Texas political process are likely to be -. A Texan is MOST likely to identify as a conservative. 3.93 & 4.22 \\ lobbying 1, eff. Sec. Based on data released by the FEC on April 01, 2021. ), Correct answers: -members June 2, 2019. 253.043. 253.153. 552, Sec. Critics have accused it of being -. Sometimes there are misspelled names, like a John Doe, John Dough, and John and Mary Dow, all at the same address. property was then resold for$163,000, but the second purchaser also defaulted. (b) This section does not apply to a political expenditure made or authorized in violation of Subchapter F. Sec. \begin{array}{c} 6, eff. (d) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount by which the reimbursement made in violation of this section exceeds the applicable limit prescribed by Subsection (a). (C) $5,000, if the population of the judicial district is more than one million. For simplicitys sake, we have combined the contributions from both PACs. (b) A corporation or labor organization may not make a political contribution in connection with a recall election, including the circulation and submission of a petition to call an election. Which of the following are arguments former legislators make to defend taking lobbying jobs after leaving office? Which of the following is the most likely reason a Legislature would attack a closed rider to a bill? They are public servants who do not personally profit from their backgrounds. Ad volumes . 209 (H.B. (A) a person designated "of counsel" or "of the firm"; (B) a partner of the law firm, whether an individual or an entity; (D) a shareholder of the law firm, whether an individual or an entity; or. Interest groups use - to combine contributions from many donors into one large contribution in order to - the group's impact on the candidate. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. NOTE: Figures include contributions from spouses and dependent children. litigation - The northeastern region of the U.S. has more lobbyists per capita than Texas June 2, 2019. PACs offer greater accountability and transparency. | Out-source | 220 | 350 | 300 | (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. What are the two different calendars for minor bills in the Texas state house? The drawing of legislative districts to favor one political party over another is known as? In cases with more, the numbers are combined to get a complete picture of the money raised. ~~~~~\text{Newspapers. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person required to register under Chapter 305, Government Code, may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution or political expenditure that is a political contribution to another candidate, officeholder, or political committee, or direct campaign expenditure, from political contributions accepted by: (1) the person as a candidate or officeholder; (2) a specific-purpose committee for the purpose of supporting the person as a candidate or assisting the person as an officeholder; or. Civil rights group: 2.05, 2.06, eff. Sec. Led by the oil and gas industry, this sector regularly pumps the vast majority of its campaign contributions into Republican coffers.Even as other traditionally GOP-inclined industries have shifted somewhat to the left, this sector has remained rock-solid red. September 28, 2011. (3) a political committee that accepted a political contribution from a source described by Subdivision (1) or (2) during the two-year period immediately before the date the political contribution or expenditure was made. 864, Sec. Personal funds deposited in an account in which political contributions are held are subject to Section 253.035 and must be included in the reports of the total amount of political contributions maintained required by Sections 254.031(a)(8) and 254.0611(a). After submitting the high bid at Answers: super PACs. - League of United Latin American Citizens 209 (H.B. Sec. 2, eff. 2817), Sec. 3233), Sec. 384 (H.B. 3233), Sec. (a) A person may not knowingly make or authorize a political expenditure wholly or partly from a political contribution the person knows to have been made in violation of this chapter. In Texas, the Democratic and Republican parties each maintain two PACs, as they are required to segregate donations from corporations and unions. electioneering campaigns and get-out-the vote efforts 2065), Sec. 1, eff. 3233), Sec. If they are invalid hypotheses, explain why. SUBCHAPTER D. CORPORATIONS AND LABOR ORGANIZATIONS. In its 2013 Shelby v. Holder decision about voting rights, the Supreme Court found out what as far as portions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965? Similarly, Republicans had raised on average $152,953, while Democrats had raised on average $119,046. 5(1), eff. Which of the following are the most common ways lobbyists influence members of the Texas legislature? 5.08, eff. contributors who live outside the district. September 1, 2019. Race can be a factor but not a predominate factor. (a) A candidate or officeholder who makes political expenditures from the candidate's or officeholder's personal funds may report the amount expended as a loan and may reimburse those personal funds from political contributions in the amount of the reported loan. D) federal matching funds. Sept. 1, 2003. (b) A judicial candidate or a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate may not use a political contribution to knowingly make political contributions to a political committee in connection with a primary election. They are shielded from corruption laws as former legislators. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 384 (H.B. 1134, Sec. June 19, 2009. Only contributions to Democrats and Republicans or liberal and conservative outside groups are included in calculating the percentages the donor has given to either party. 3580), Sec. 384 (H.B. In what way are Texas, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota similar? electing a speaker of the house | In-house | 150 | 240 | 390 | ~~~~~\text{Credit payments} & & 50.00 & 41.74\\ SUBCHAPTER F. JUDICIAL CAMPAIGN FAIRNESS ACT. white non-Hispanics made up about 38% of the state's population Hispanics evangelical Protestants overwhelmingly identify themselves as Republican 3.63 & 4.74 (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. (7) "Statewide judicial office" means the office of chief justice or justice, supreme court, or presiding judge or judge, court of criminal appeals. 2492), Sec. denial of government benefits that derive from an interest group's lobbying. -money (2) a county executive committee that accepts political contributions or makes political expenditures that, in the aggregate, exceed $25,000 in a calendar year shall file: (A) a campaign treasurer appointment as required by Section 252.001 not later than the 15th day after the date that amount is exceeded; and. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. It was unfair to minorities therefore unconstitutional. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Sec. 937, Sec. How long is the Texas legislature in session? 2.07, 2.08, eff. 3, eff. (a) In a reporting period, a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 from an out-of-state political committee unless, before accepting a contribution that would cause the total to exceed $500, the candidate, officeholder, or political committee, as applicable, receives from the out-of-state committee: (1) a written statement, certified by an officer of the out-of-state committee, listing the full name and address of each person who contributed more than $100 to the out-of-state committee during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the contribution; or. OpenSecrets A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 (202) 857-0044 INFO: info@crp.org (2) deliver to the county clerk of each county a written certification of the county's population, if the county: (A) comprises an entire judicial district under Chapter 26, Government Code; or. The date indicated by the post office cancellation mark or the common or contract carrier documents is considered to be the date the contribution was placed in the mail or delivered to the common or contract carrier unless proven otherwise. In an average Legislative session in the Texas Legislator, about ____ percent of all bills introduced will be passed into law. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. An offense under this subsection is a Class A misdemeanor. (b) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee or a person acting on behalf of a candidate, officeholder, or political committee may not knowingly accept a political contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is received, in the Capitol or a courthouse. be resold at Simards expense, as required by state law. \begin{array}{l c r r} 304, Sec. (a) During the period beginning on the 30th day before the date a regular legislative session convenes and continuing through the 20th day after the date of final adjournment, a person may not knowingly make a political contribution to: (3) a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting a statewide officeholder or member of the legislature. (a-1) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a general-purpose committee that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by this subsection in connection with an election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. CORPORATIONS COVERED. $$ Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. Washington, \text{EXPENDITURES FOR THE MONTH OF JULY} 3233), Sec. While we have totaled the contributions to candidates to give you the big picture, you can see all the individual contributions by searching the candidates name below. You are called on to decide how your company should produce its new cell phone screen defroster (for use by skiers and others spending time out of doors in the cold.) Over 80 percent of campaign donations to candidates for commissioner come from the industries the commission regulates, leading many critics to charge that it has been captured by the interest groups it is supposed to oversee. Who Raised the Most? In the case Evenwel V. Abbott (2016), the plaintiffs argued that legislative districts should be drawn based on what important factor? 763, Sec. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a person that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by Subsection (b) in connection with each election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder, a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate, or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not knowingly accept a political contribution except during the period: (A) the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed, if the election is for a full term; or, (B) the later of the 210th day before the date an application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention for the office is required to be filed or the date a vacancy in the office occurs, if the election is for an unexpired term; and. June 2, 2019. According to Map 3.1, in which region of the country can legislatures with highest proportion of women can be found? 3233), Sec. & & &\text{Actual}\\ invitation to special conferences 899, Sec. 4, eff. $$ What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? 249, Sec. (b) A candidate or officeholder who accepts one or more political contributions in the form of loans, including an extension of credit or a guarantee of a loan or extension of credit, from one or more persons related to the candidate or officeholder within the second degree by affinity or consanguinity may not use political contributions to repay the loans in amounts that in the aggregate exceed the amount prescribed by Subsection (a). This subchapter applies only to corporations that are organized under the Texas Business Corporation Act, the Texas For-Profit Corporation Law, the Texas Non-Profit Corporation Act, the Texas Nonprofit Corporation Law, federal law, or law of another state or nation. 3233), Sec. 3233), Sec. (C) $15,000, if the population of the judicial district is less than 250,000. As of the 2020 Census, Texas state senators represented an average of 940,177 residents. June 2, 2019. Sec. High turnover rates in the Texas legislature are primarily due to: What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? The - is responsible for regulating the oil and gas industry in Texas. June 2, 2019. Which of the following statements are valid null and alternative hypotheses? 3233), Sec. $55,800 To eligible to run for the Texas House, you must be at least 21 years of age To be eligible to run for the Texas Senate you must be at least 26 years of age Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multimember plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? WRITE-IN CANDIDACY. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. A(n) - is a private group that raises and distributes funds for use in a candidate's election campaigns. An offense under this subsection is a Class A misdemeanor. Analyze the figure below, and determine which of the following statements are correct. Sec. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. (e-1) This subsection applies only to a political party required to nominate candidates by primary election. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. (b) A payment that is made from a political contribution to a business described by Subsection (a) and that is not prohibited by that subsection may not exceed the amount necessary to reimburse the business for actual expenditures made by the business. Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. External Relations: Moira Delaney Hannah Nelson Caroline Presnell 253.134. Use the Kujawas expense summary to answer the question. \text{Entertainment} \\ The reimbursement may not exceed the amount reported as a loan. June 18, 2005. (c) If the contribution or expenditure is in opposition to a candidate, the candidate is entitled to recover damages under this section. $$ (c) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1, eff. Campaign cash allows candidates to promote their message and turn out their voters, but perhaps more importantly, it often represents momentum. Who submits a recommended budget to the Texas legislature? (d) A corporation or labor organization may not make expenditures under this section for: (1) political consulting to support or oppose a candidate; (2) telephoning or telephone banks to communicate with the public; (3) brochures and direct mail supporting or opposing a candidate; (4) partisan voter registration and get-out-the-vote drives; (5) political fund-raising other than from its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (6) voter identification efforts, voter lists, or voter databases that include persons other than its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (7) polling designed to support or oppose a candidate other than of its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; or. Sec. A political expenditure that is made by the principal political committee of the state executive committee or a county executive committee of a political party for a generic get-out-the-vote campaign or to create and distribute a written list of two or more candidates is not considered a contribution to a judicial candidate who benefits from the get-out-the-vote campaign or is included in the written list and is not subject to the limits of Section 253.155 or 253.157 if the get-out-the-vote campaign or written list: (1) identifies the party's candidates by name and office sought, office held, or photograph; (2) does not include any reference to the judicial philosophy or positions on issues of the party's judicial candidates; and. They have a right to make a living. (a) A candidate or officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting the candidate or officeholder may not knowingly make or authorize a payment from a political contribution if the payment is made for personal services rendered by the candidate or officeholder or by the spouse or dependent child of the candidate or officeholder to: (1) a business in which the candidate or officeholder has a participating interest of more than 10 percent, holds a position on the governing body of the business, or serves as an officer of the business; or. (a) A political committee assisted by a corporation or labor organization under Section 253.100 may not make a political contribution or political expenditure in whole or part from money that is known by a member or officer of the political committee to be dues, fees, or other money required as a condition of employment or condition of membership in a labor organization. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. e a) Find the minimax choice? (b) Subsection (a)(2) does not apply to a political contribution that was made and accepted with the intent that it be used to defray expenses incurred in connection with an election, including the repayment of any debt that is: (1) incurred directly by the making of a campaign expenditure during the period beginning on the date the application for a place on the ballot or for nomination by convention was required to be filed for the election in which the candidate last appeared on the ballot and ending on the date of that election; and. Jan. 1, 1992. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make a contribution from its own property to a political party to be used as provided by Chapter 257. Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from: A A. Super PACs 14 Q Each election yer, about ______ of the House members face opposition in the general election A B. 17(1), eff. (b) A corporation may make political expenditures, including fully or partially matching contributions to an organization that is exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code of 1986, to finance the solicitation of political contributions to a general-purpose committee assisted under Subsection (a) from the stockholders, employees, or families of stockholders or employees of one or more corporations. The decision to contribute is made knowingly and voluntarily by the minor; The funds, goods or services contributed are owned or controlled by the minor, proceeds from a trust for which he or she is a beneficiary or funds withdrawn by the minor from a . Sec. 4060), Sec. contract to purchase real property in Maryland Public employee interest group: 304, Sec. Sept. 1, 1999; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. (e) A person who receives a political contribution that violates this section shall return the contribution to the contributor not later than the later of: (1) the last day of the reporting period in which the contribution is received; or. 1009 (H.B. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 1), Sec. Match each of the following examples of interest groups to the general types of interest groups that best describe them. They possess unique knowledge. June 15, 2017. A century or more ago, many states in the U.S. decided to adopt popular elections as their way of selecting their judges.
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